Journalistic Ethics IIBM EXAM ANSWER SHEETS PROVIDED. MBA EMBA BMS DMS ANSWERS PROVIDED. DR. PRASANTH MBA PH.D. DME MOBILE / WHATSAPP: +91 9924764558 OR +91 9447965521 EMAIL: prasanththampi1975@gmail.com WEBSITE: www.casestudyandprojectreports.com
This section consists of Multiple Choice and Short Note Type questions.
Answer all the questions.
Part one carries 1 mark each & Part Two carries 5 marks each.
Part One:
Multiple Choices:
1. The correspondence or disquotational theory of truth is a ____________ theory.
a. Formal
b. Informal
c. Positive
d. Negative
2. The use of another person‟s thinking or writing without explicit acknowledgement or its original
source is known as
a. Credibility
b. Originality
c. Plagiarism
d. Source
3. The effort to bridge the fact-value gap or blur the distinction between facts & values, is referred
to as the
a. Naturalistic Fallacy
b. Principia Ethic
c. Pervasive division
d. None
4. According to moral philosophers the relation between facts& values as one
a. Aesthetic Facts
b. Artistic Facts
c. Transcend Facts
d. None
5. Out of the following which falsehood in news reporting are the work of rogue reporters whose
professional misconduct is morally intolerable.
a. Countless Falsehood
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b. Deliberate Falsehood
c. Inadvertent Falsehood
d. Erroneous Falsehood
State True/False:
6. The guidance needed for making correct relevance judgment is a common sense.
7. The remote control device on a modern television is a type of a behavioral analyst‟s dream which
is now comes true.
8. Advertisers are journalists and so can be held responsible for adhering to the principles of
journalistic ethics.
9. A totalitarian government is first & foremost a regime that takes control of every aspect of the
news media.
10. It is important for a theoretical ethical philosopher to distinguish between moral & prudential
considerations.
Part Two:
1. What are the principles for controlling censorship?
2. What is Moral & Prudential Reasoning?
3. List the Guidelines for appeals to confidentiality?
4. Define the legal and moral rights of Journalistic.
END OF SECTION A
Section B: Caselets (40 Marks)
This section consists of Caselets.
Answer all the questions.
Each case let carries 20 marks.
Detailed information should form the part of your answer (Word limit 150 to 200 words).
Case let 1
It is not hard to describe situations in which it might be morally obligatory for a journalist to disclose an
informant‟s identity. Suppose that there is an impending disaster about to take place affecting a large
number of persons who are certain to die if the authorities cannot uncover crucial information about the
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outbreak of a fatal and highly infectious disease. A health organization has been covering up the facts in
order to conceal their incompetence in having accidentally released a virus on which they had been
experimenting to find a cure.
The conspiracy need not take place with the knowledge of the administrators. It might be the result of a
irresponsible laboratory director, one of whose assistants is aware of the facts and has gone to the press as
a whistle-blower, but has demanded confidentially for fear of reprisal and has not revealed all that he
knows. In particular, we may suppose, the lab assistant has told the reporter that the deadly virus has been
released, but has not included additional facts that would be essential to containing the virus, such as the
specific strain of virus, the exact date of its accidental release, and the exact location where the outbreak
occurred.
The reporter publishes the story, and the public is appropriately alarmed. The authorities want to take
action, but they do not know what to do in order to prevent an epidemic. The reporter contacts the
informant again, but he does not want to disclose these further facts because he thinks that then the
laboratory director will be able to deduce that it was he who alerted the press about the accident. Under
these circumstances, it is easy to make a convincing case that the reporter has an overriding moral
obligation to disclose that informant‟s identity to the authorities so that they can question him more
effectively with all the resources of the law in order to discover as quickly as possible what they need to
know to forestall a biohazard catastrophe.
Questions:
1. Would the medical emergency described warrant disclosing the identity of a confidential
informant? Why or why not?
2. What criteria might reasonably be applied in order to decide what kind or what scope of potential
emergency justifies disclosing a confidential informants identity? How can we prevent the
acknowledgement of such possibilities from degenerating into a slippery slope, the outcome of
which is to undermine the use of any and all confidential informants?
Case let 2
The following selection is from a news story appearing in the Guardian (London), Final Edition, for May
19, 2005 concerning the unauthorized publication in the British magazine Hello! of private photographs
from the wedding of film star celebrities Catherine Zeta-Jones and Michael Douglas. The article is written
by Clare Dyer, legal editor for the Guardian.
“OK! Magazine must pay back more than £1m in damages won from its rival Hello! Over „spoiler‟
wedding pictures of Catherine Zeta-Jones and Michael Douglas, three appeals [court justices] ruled
yesterday. In a judgment which media lawyers said would make it impossible for newspapers and
magazines to protect their scoops, the court over-turned the 2003 high court judgment in OK!‟s favor.
The judges ruled that Hello! Had no liability to OK! For interfering with its exclusive by publishing
photographs by a paparazzo who infiltrated the celebrity couple‟s top-security wedding in November
2000. The landmark judgment will also aid celebrities seeking injunctions to protect their privacy…
The original high court judgment against Hello! Came after a six-week hearing in 2003 at which Ms.
Zeta- Jones told how she felt „devastated, shocked and appalled‟ when she realized unauthorized
photographers had gate crashed her wedding at New York‟s Plaza Hotel…
The appeal court judges, headed by the master of the rolls, Lord Phillips, held that the Douglass had a
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right to keep private those details f their wedding which did not feature in the photographs chosen by
them for publication. But it was the Douglases, and not OK! Who had the right to protect this privacy, he
said.
It was not property which could be transferred to someone else, and so the high court ruling which
concluded that Hello! Was liable to OK! As well as to the Douglases was wrong.”
Questions:
1. What were the legal issues involved in this interesting case? How, if at all, do they relate to the
morality of respect for privacy by journalists?
2. Do you agree with the OK! Solicitors‟ position that the second decision in this case deprives
journalists of protection for their prior agreements to exclusive publication rights? What is the
exact legal principle by which the court reached its judgment, as reflected in The Guardian
report? Can it be justified on grounds of professional journalistic ethics? If so, how? If not, why
not?
END OF SECTION B
Section C: Applied Theory (30 Marks)
This section consists of Long Questions.
Answer all the questions.
Each question carries 15 marks.
Detailed information should from the part of your answer (Word limit 200 to 150 words).
1. What is the significance for professional journalists ad journalistic ethics of evaluations of the
relative freedom of the press in different societies
2. Define the Privacy in a public world? Explain the constitutional basis for the right to privacy?
END OF SECTION C
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IIBM Institute of Business Management
Examination Paper MM.100
Mass Communication
Section A: Objective Type & Short Questions (30 marks)
This section consists of Multiple Choice and Short Note Type Questions.
Answer all the questions.
Part one carries 1 mark each & Part Two carries 5 marks each.
Part One:
Multiple Choices:
1. __________ Communication deals wi th public outside the organization.
a. External Communication
b. Internal Communication
c. Diagonal Communication
d. Vertical Communication
2. It concerns the lifestyles and activities of people such as movie attendance, hobbies, and types of
physical exercise
a. Geographic‟s
b. Demographics
c. Psychographics
d. None
3. Technique of sending magazines free to individuals within an industry to increase identification
with an organization
a. Association Magazines
b. Controlled Circulation
c. Conglomerate
d. Association Management
4. The Connection made when a magazine runs a story about a product advertised in the magazine.
a. Package deals
b. Tie-ins
c. Publishers
d. Editorial
5. Writing illustrating and designing publications with a personal computer is known as
a. Desktop Publishing
b. Distributor
c. Wholesalers
d. Retailers
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6. A boxlike mechanism used to v iew short films during the late 1800s
a. Nickeleon
b. Broadcast TV
c. Kinetoscope
d. Computer
7. The technique of joining pieces of film or of digitally manipulating images in a creative process.
a. Editing
b. Oligopoly
c. Processing
d. Writing
8. Marketing strategy common in the 1930s and 1940s that required theaters to book movie before
they were produced.
a. A& B pictures
b. Block booking
c. Blind booking
d. Vertical Integration
9. Department that controls movement of programming through the day, logs what goes on the air,
& supplies information for billing advertisers.
a. Modulators
b. Traffic
c. Demodulator
d. Decoding
10. A favorite television format of the 1950s that consisted of stage plays produced for TV is
a. Blacklist
b. Fellow Travelers
c. Quiz show
d. Anthology
Part Two:
1. Differentiate between Broadcast Station and Cable System.
2. Write a short note on Mass Communication?
3. Define the Interaction of supply and demand?
4. Explain the development of Mass advertising?
END OF SECTION A
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Section B: Caselets (40 Marks)
This section consists of Caselets.
Answer all the questions.
Each case let carries 20 marks.
Detailed information should form the part of your answer (Word limit 150 to 200 words).
Case let 1
“I have always prided myself on being able to maintain journalistic detachment about politicians, even
Richard Nixon. But when my involvement with a politician is such that it could color my views, I count it
my journalistic obligation to make full disclosure the politician in question is Patrick Buchanan .my
problem with him –or may be his problem with me –goes beyond his much criticized defense of his
Hitler as an individual of great courage ….a soldier‟s soldier….a genius‟s [no source provided] .it goes
back to 1971‟when Mr. Buchanan was a speech-writer for president Nixon. He drafted a speech in which
Nixon promised a Roman Catholic Knight of Columbus audience to rescue the parochial schools in the
face of Supreme Court decision barring federal aid to religious institutions. Asked to report on the CBS
evening. News how he would do that. I checked whit education officials and catholic school lobbyists and
I reported that the speech seemed to be little more than political rhetoric. Buchanan expressed his
resentment to Nixon had j. Edgar Hoover investigate me in the hope of digging up some dirt on me. when
the Washington post broke the story of the investigation with a front page headline, „FBI probes newsmen
critical of President,‟ the White House, in a hasty damage-control session, devised a cover story that my
background was being checked because I was under consideration for a White House appointment. The
story was that, through an oversight, I had not been apprised of the job…. What
Buchanan would have done with the dirt on me, if the FBI had found any, I would not venture to say.
Anyways, nothing bad happened to me. And the misuse of the FBI became one item in the bill of
impeachment against Nixon (under Article II, „Abuse of Power‟). So, I „m not mad at Buchanan. But it is
interesting to know that at least when he was young and brash; he wouldn‟t hesitate to use the FBI against
someone who got in his way”.
Questions:
1. Schorr maintains that he has a journalistic obligation, which is to say responsibility, to disclose
circumstances that could “color” his views on a politician. What does he mean by this? Is he right
to say that that he has a moral responsibility as a Journalist to reveal such facts to his readers?
Why or why not?
2. From what might Schorr‟s sense of journalistic obligation derive? What is its source?
Case let 2
“Paul Bremer has ordered his legal department in Baghdad to draw up rules for press censorship. A joke, I
conducted, when one of the newly styled Coalition Provisional Authority officials tipped me off last
week. But no, it really is true. Two months after „liberating‟ Iraq, the Anglo American authorities and
their boss Paul Bermer-whose habit of wearing combat boots with a black suit continues to amaze his
colleagues-have decided t o control the new and free Iraqi press.
Newspapers that publish „slid stories‟, material deemed provocative or capable of inciting ethnic violence,
will be threatened or shut down. It‟s for the good of the Iraqi people, you understand. A controlled press
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is a responsible press- which is exactly what Saddam Hussein used to say about the trashy newspapers his
regime produced. It must seem all to familiar to the people of Baghdad. Now let‟s be fair. Many stories in
the emerging newspapers of Baghdad are untrue. There is no tradition of checking reports, of giving
opponents the opportunity to be heard. There are constant articles about the behavior of American troops.
One paper has claimed that U.S. soldiers distributed postcard of naked women to schoolgirls- they even
published the pictures, with Japanese script on the cards. Even the most cynical Westerner can see how
this kind of lie can stir up sentiment against Iraq‟s new foreign occupiers.
What the Iraqis need, of course, is Journalistic help rather than censorship, courses in reporting-by
experienced journalists from real democracies-rather than a colonial-style suppression of free speech.
But we‟re now hearing that imams in the mosques may be censored if they provoke unrest-this would
obviously include the imam of the Rashid Street mosque in Baghdad, outside of which I heard him
preaching last week. The Americans must leave, he said. Immediately. Subversive stuff. Definitely likely
to provoke violence. So goodbye in due course, I suppose to the Rashid Street imam. And of course, we
all know how the first pro-American Iraqi government of „New Iraq‟ will treat the laws. It will
enthusiastically adopt the Western censorship law, just as former colonies almost always take over the
repressive legislation of their former imperial masters.”
Questions:
1. Are there any circumstances under which it is morally justified to impose censorship? What,
according to Fisk, are the likely effects of censuring the new Iraqi press?
2. When a society is relatively stable and well-established, there are always remedied for libel and
inaccuracies in reportage. A society in crisis, like Iraq during the American occupation after the
Second Gulf War, does not have such mechanisms in place. Do these facts provide the basis for a
reasonable defense of the decision to censure the press?
END OF SECTION B
Section C: Applied Theory (30 Marks)
This section consists of Long Questions.
Answer all the questions.
Each question carries 15 marks.
Detailed information should from the part of your answer (Word limit 200 to 150 words).
1. What is the threat of Regulation? Explain the types of media regulation?
2. Define the approach to mass communication research? Also discuss the types of research
methods and the role of theory in research?
S-2-300813
END OF SECTION C
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